Lordosis
Lordosis is defined as an excessive inward curvature of the spine primarily seen
in the lower back lumbar region. Lordosis is commonly known as swayback. In cases of
Lordosis the lower spine has a deeper than normal curve producing a visible arch or “C”
shape appearance of the lower back. Individuals with lordosis appear to be sticking out
their stomachs and buttocks.
A healthy spine exhibits a series of normal front to back curves. When viewed
from the side these curves give the spine a soft “S” shaped appearance. Each of these
curves is designed to manage the load applied to the spine from the weight of the body
and to allow the head to balance directly over the pelvis. A small degree of lordotic
curvature in the cervical or lumbar areas of the spine is natural.
Lordosis can occur in individuals of any age. It can be caused by a number of
contributing factors such as poor posture, family genetics, trauma, obesity, diseases and
conditions of the spine, or surgery to the spine. When kyphosis causes an exaggerated
curve in the thoracic area of the spine, lordosis may then develop in the lumbar area to
compensate for the imbalance. One childhood type of lordosis, known as benign
juvenile lordosis, may occur without an identifiable cause.
In evaluating lordosis the doctor will take a complete medical history and
perform a physical examination. Questions will be asked as to when the excessive curve
became noticeable, if it has gotten worse over time, and if there is any pain or
neurological symptoms. During the physical portion of the examination the doctor will
evaluate if the patient’s lordotic curve corrects itself when bending in a forward
direction, as well as check spine alignment and range of motion. Additional tests may be
recommended if symptoms of pain, tingling, numbness, muscle spasms, weakness,
impaired bowel or bladder function are present.
Treatment depends on the severity of curvature and symptoms. Conservative
therapy may include medication for pain and inflammation, weight loss, physical
therapy to improve core strength and flexibility, or bracing to prevent the curve from
worsening. In severe cases with neurological involvement, surgery may be
recommended.